---
title: Many sugar estates closed down, marking the end of an era for the su… — Mauritius · tree and pragmatics
description: Many sugar estates closed down, marking the end of an era for the sugar magnates who had not only controlled the economy but also the political life of the country. Who acts: Many sugar estates, sugar magnates. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Mauritius» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Mauritius, sentence 131

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From Wikipedia, [«Mauritius»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauritius), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Many sugar estates closed down, marking the end of an era for the sugar magnates who had not only controlled the economy but also the political life of the country.

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**Who acts:** Many sugar estates, sugar magnates · **What happens:** close down, mark, have, not control · **To what, where:** Many sugar estates, end, economy

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Mauritius». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many sugar estates, sugar magnates), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Mauritius:131
# text = Many sugar estates closed down, marking the end of an era for the sugar magnates who had not only controlled the economy but also the political life of the country.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	estates	estate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	closed	close	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	marking	mark	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	magnates	magnate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
17	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
20	only	only	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	controlled	control	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	xcomp	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
25	also	also	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	political	political	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close down** | participle |  | Many sugar estates *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mark** | gerund | Many sugar estates *not said here* | the end of a era |  |  |  | for the sugar magnates | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent end=Destination |
| 3 | **have** | past | the sugar magnates |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **control** | participle | the sugar magnates *not said here* | the economy |  |  |  | the political life of the country *conj* | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent economy=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Mauritius», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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