---
title: France sent aircraft and specialists from Réunion and Greenpeace sai… — Mauritius · tree and pragmatics
description: France sent aircraft and specialists from Réunion and Greenpeace said that the leak threatened the survival of thousands of species, who are at "risk of drowning in a sea of pollution". Who acts: France, specialists, leak, species. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Mauritius» with its dependency tree and p
---

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# Mauritius, sentence 354

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From Wikipedia, [«Mauritius»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauritius), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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France sent aircraft and specialists from Réunion and Greenpeace said that the leak threatened the survival of thousands of species, who are at "risk of drowning in a sea of pollution".

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**Who acts:** France, specialists, leak, species, risk · **What happens:** send, say, threaten, be, drown, survive · **To what, where:** aircraft, survival, risk, sea, thousands · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Mauritius». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (France, specialists, leak, species), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Mauritius:354
# text = France sent aircraft and specialists from Réunion and Greenpeace said that the leak threatened the survival of thousands of species, who are at "risk of drowning in a sea of pollution".
1	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	aircraft	aircraft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
5	specialists	specialist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Réunion	Réunion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Greenpeace	Greenpeace	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	leak	leak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	threatened	threaten	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	ccomp	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	survival	survival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
22	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
23	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
24	at	at	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	risk	risk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
27	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
28	drowning	drown	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	26	acl	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	pollution	pollution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | France | aircraft |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aircraft=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | specialists from Réunion and Greenpeace |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **threaten** | past | the leak | the survival of thousands of species |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus survival=Experiencer |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | species |  |  | risk |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **drown** *in a quote* | gerund | risk *not said here* |  |  | a sea of pollution |  |  | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **survive** |  |  | thousands of species |  |  |  |  | nom survival «state transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Mauritius», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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