--- title: Other languages also taught as foreign language electives in some un… — Metro Manila · tree and pragmatics description: Other languages also taught as foreign language electives in some universities and schools in Metro Manila besides those aforementioned are those such as, French, Korean, German, Italian, Thai, Bahasa Indonesia, Portuguese, Russian, etc. Besides Filipino, there are also other newspapers distributed --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Metro_Manila/315/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Metro Manila](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Metro_Manila/) / 315 # Metro Manila, sentence 315 From Wikipedia, [«Metro Manila»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Manila), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. Other languages also taught as foreign language electives in some universities and schools in Metro Manila besides those aforementioned are those such as, French, Korean, German, Italian, Thai, Bahasa Indonesia, Portuguese, Russian, etc. Besides Filipino, there are also other newspapers distributed across Metro Manila in languages such as Mandarin (i.e. United Daily News, World News, Chinese Commercial News, etc.), Japanese (i.e. Manila Shimbun), Korean (i.e. Manila Seoul, Weekly Manila, Ilyo Shinmun, etc.) to cater to the aforementioned readers. **Who acts:** Other languages, those, other newspapers · **What happens:** teach, aforemention, be, distribute, cater · **To what, where:** German, Metro Manila This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Metro Manila». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Other languages, those, other newspapers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = wikipedia:Metro_Manila:315 # text = Other languages also taught as foreign language electives in some universities and schools in Metro Manila besides those aforementioned are those such as, French, Korean, German, Italian, Thai, Bahasa Indonesia, Portuguese, Russian, etc. Besides Filipino, there are also other newspapers distributed across Metro Manila in languages such as Mandarin (i.e. United Daily News, World News, Chinese Commercial News, etc.), Japanese (i.e. Manila Shimbun), Korean (i.e. Manila Seoul, Weekly Manila, Ilyo Shinmun, etc.) to cater to the aforementioned readers. 1 Other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 also also ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 taught teach VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 as as ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 foreign foreign ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 8 electives elective NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 11 det _ _ 11 universities university NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 schools school NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 conj _ _ 14 in in ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 Metro Metro PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 compound _ _ 16 Manila Manila PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 17 besides besides ADP IN _ 27 mark _ _ 18 those that PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 27 nsubj _ _ 19 aforementioned aforemention VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 18 acl _ _ 20 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 cop _ _ 21 those that PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 27 nsubj _ _ 22 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=SCONJ 27 mark _ _ 23 as as ADP IN _ 22 fixed _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 25 French French ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 27 Korean korean ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 29 German German PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 31 Italian Italian PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 32 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 33 Thai Thai PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 35 Bahasa Bahasa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 compound _ _ 36 Indonesia Indonesia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 37 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 38 Portuguese portuguese ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 40 Russian Russian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 41 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 42 etc. etc. NOUN FW Abbr=Yes|Number=Plur 29 conj _ _ 43 Besides besides ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 44 Filipino Filipino PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 45 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 46 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 47 expl _ _ 47 are be VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 51 advcl _ _ 48 also also ADV RB _ 47 advmod _ _ 49 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 50 amod _ _ 50 newspapers newspaper NOUN NNS Number=Plur 51 nsubj _ _ 51 distributed distribute VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 52 across across ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 53 Metro Metro PROPN NNP Number=Sing 54 compound _ _ 54 Manila Manila PROPN NNP Number=Sing 51 obl _ _ 55 in in ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 56 languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 51 obl _ _ 57 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 59 case _ _ 58 as as ADP IN _ 57 fixed _ _ 59 Mandarin Mandarin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 56 nmod _ _ 60 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 64 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 61 i.e. i.e. ADV FW _ 64 advmod _ _ 62 United United ADJ NNP Degree=Pos 64 amod _ _ 63 Daily Daily ADJ NNP Degree=Pos 64 amod _ _ 64 News News PROPN NNP Number=Sing 59 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 65 , , PUNCT , _ 67 punct _ _ 66 World World PROPN NNP Number=Sing 67 compound _ _ 67 News News PROPN NNP Number=Sing 64 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 68 , , PUNCT , _ 71 punct _ _ 69 Chinese Chinese ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 71 amod _ _ 70 Commercial commercial ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 71 amod _ _ 71 News news NOUN NN Number=Sing 64 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 72 , , PUNCT , _ 73 punct _ _ 73 etc. etc. NOUN FW Abbr=Yes|Number=Plur 71 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 74 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 64 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 75 , , PUNCT , _ 76 punct _ _ 76 Japanese Japanese ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 51 parataxis _ _ 77 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 79 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 78 i.e. i.e. ADV FW _ 79 advmod _ _ 79 Manila Manila PROPN NNP Number=Sing 76 appos _ _ 80 Shimbun Shimbun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 79 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 81 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 79 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 82 , , PUNCT , _ 83 punct _ _ 83 Korean korean ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 76 conj _ _ 84 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 87 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 85 i.e. i.e. ADV FW _ 87 advmod _ _ 86 Manila Manila PROPN NNP Number=Sing 87 compound _ _ 87 Seoul Seoul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 83 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 88 , , PUNCT , _ 90 punct _ _ 89 Weekly weekly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 90 amod _ _ 90 Manila Manila PROPN NNP Number=Sing 87 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 91 , , PUNCT , _ 92 punct _ _ 92 Ilyo Ilyo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 87 conj _ _ 93 Shinmun Shinmun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 92 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 94 , , PUNCT , _ 95 punct _ _ 95 etc. etc. NOUN FW Abbr=Yes|Number=Plur 87 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 96 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 87 punct _ _ 97 to to PART TO _ 98 mark _ _ 98 cater cater VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 83 advcl _ _ 99 to to ADP IN _ 102 case _ _ 100 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 102 det _ _ 101 aforementioned aforementioned ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 102 amod _ _ 102 readers reader NOUN NNS Number=Plur 98 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 103 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | past | Other languages | German besides Filipino and Italian and Thai and Bahasa Indonesia and etc. | | Metro Manila | | as language electives in some universities and schools | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **aforemention** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **is** | present | those | | | | | korean *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **be** | present | other newspapers *not said here* | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **distribute** | past | other newspapers | | | Metro Manila | | in languages such Mandarin | vn contribute-13.2-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **cater** | to-infinitive | other newspapers *not said here* | | | | | to the aforementioned readers | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Metro Manila», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0. - ← previous: [sentence 314](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Metro_Manila/314/) - next →: [sentence 316](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Metro_Manila/316/) - ↑ back to [Metro Manila](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Metro_Manila/)