--- title: In 1854 president Antonio López de Santa Anna enlarged the area of M… — Mexico City · tree and pragmatics description: In 1854 president Antonio López de Santa Anna enlarged the area of Mexico City almost eightfold from the original 220 to 1700 sqkm, annexing the rural and mountainous areas to secure the strategic mountain passes to the south and southwest to protect the city in the event of a foreign invasion. 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In 1854 president Antonio López de Santa Anna enlarged the area of Mexico City almost eightfold from the original 220 to 1700 sqkm, annexing the rural and mountainous areas to secure the strategic mountain passes to the south and southwest to protect the city in the event of a foreign invasion. **Who acts:** Antonio, annexing · **What happens:** enlarge, annex, secure, pass, protect · **To what, where:** area, 1854, rural areas, strategic mountain, south, city This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Mexico City». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Antonio, annexing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = wikipedia:Mexico_City:297 # text = In 1854 president Antonio López de Santa Anna enlarged the area of Mexico City almost eightfold from the original 220 to 1700 sqkm, annexing the rural and mountainous areas to secure the strategic mountain passes to the south and southwest to protect the city in the event of a foreign invasion. 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 1854 1854 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 obl _ _ 3 president president NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod:desc _ _ 4 Antonio Antonio PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 5 López López PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 flat _ _ 6 de de PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 flat _ _ 7 Santa Santa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 flat _ _ 8 Anna Anna PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 flat _ _ 9 enlarged enlarge VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 area area NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 Mexico Mexico PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 City City PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 15 almost almost ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 eightfold eightfold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 17 from from ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 19 original original ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 20 220 220 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 23 nummod _ _ 21 to to ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 1700 1700 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 20 nmod _ _ 23 sqkm sqkm NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 25 annexing annex VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 36 csubj _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 27 rural rural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 mountainous mountainous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 conj _ _ 30 areas area NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obj _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 secure secure VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 advcl _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 34 strategic strategic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 35 mountain mountain NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 36 passes pass VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 parataxis _ _ 37 to to ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 south south NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 40 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 41 southwest southwest NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 conj _ _ 42 to to PART TO _ 43 mark _ _ 43 protect protect VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 36 advcl _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obj _ _ 46 in in ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 event event NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obl _ _ 49 of of ADP IN _ 52 case _ _ 50 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 52 det _ _ 51 foreign foreign ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 52 amod _ _ 52 invasion invasion NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 53 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **enlarge** | past | Antonio president | the area of Mexico City | | 1854 | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent area=Patient | | 2 | **annex** | gerund | | the rural areas | | | | | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent area=Theme | | 3 | **secure** | to-infinitive | | the strategic mountain | | | | | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition mountain=Theme | | 4 | **pass** | present | annexing | | | the south and southwest | | | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to south=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **protect** | to-infinitive | annexing *not said here* | the city | | the event of a foreign invasion | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Beneficiary | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Mexico City», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0. - ← previous: [sentence 296](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Mexico_City/296/) - next →: [sentence 298](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Mexico_City/298/) - ↑ back to [Mexico City](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Mexico_City/)