---
title: With a population of 38,423 living in an area of 2.08 km2, Monaco is… — Monaco · tree and pragmatics
description: With a population of 38,423 living in an area of 2.08 km2, Monaco is the second smallest sovereign state in the world, after Vatican City, as well as the most densely populated. Who acts: population, Monaco. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Monaco» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Monaco, sentence 3

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From Wikipedia, [«Monaco»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monaco), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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With a population of 38,423 living in an area of 2.08 km2, Monaco is the second smallest sovereign state in the world, after Vatican City, as well as the most densely populated.

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**Who acts:** population, Monaco · **What happens:** live, be, populate · **To what, where:** area, second smallest sovereign state, world

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Monaco». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (population, Monaco), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Monaco:3
# text = With a population of 38,423 living in an area of 2.08 km2, Monaco is the second smallest sovereign state in the world, after Vatican City, as well as the most densely populated.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	38,423	38,423	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nmod	_	_
6	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	2.08	2.08	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nmod	_	_
12	km2	km2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
14	Monaco	Monaco	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
17	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	20	amod	_	_
18	smallest	small	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	20	amod	_	_
19	sovereign	sovereign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	acl:relcl	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	after	after	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	Vatican	Vatican	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	City	City	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
29	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	35	cc	_	_
30	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	29	fixed	_	_
31	as	as	ADP	IN	_	29	fixed	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
33	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	34	advmod	_	_
34	densely	densely	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
35	populated	populate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | gerund | a population of 38,423 *not said here* |  |  | a area of 2.08 |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in area=Location |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Monaco | the second smallest sovereign state and Vatican City |  | the world |  | Vatican City *conj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **populate** | participle | Monaco *not said here* |  |  |  |  | densely *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Monaco», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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