---
title: Likewise, both France and Spain left it alone for hundreds of years… — Monaco · tree and pragmatics
description: Likewise, both France and Spain left it alone for hundreds of years due to agreements with either of them, especially for defense. Who acts: France. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Monaco» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Monaco/34/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Monaco](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Monaco/) / 34

# Monaco, sentence 34

<!-- div src -->

From Wikipedia, [«Monaco»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monaco), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Likewise, both France and Spain left it alone for hundreds of years due to agreements with either of them, especially for defense.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** France · **What happens:** leave · **To what, where:** family

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Monaco». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (France), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Monaco:34
# text = Likewise, both France and Spain left it alone for hundreds of years due to agreements with either of them, especially for defense.
1	Likewise	likewise	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	both	both	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc:preconj	_	_
4	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
14	due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	agreements	agreement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	either	either	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	16	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	defense	defense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | France and Spain | family |  |  |  | for hundreds of years; due agreements with either of agreements; defense *parataxis*; alone, likewise *property* | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme for hundred=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Monaco», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Monaco/33/)
- next →: [sentence 35](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Monaco/35/)
- ↑ back to [Monaco](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Monaco/)