---
title: The national parks include: the Durmitor National Park (1952), havin… — Montenegro · tree and pragmatics
description: The national parks include: the Durmitor National Park (1952), having an area of 390 km2, is also a massif. Who acts: national parks, Durmitor National Park. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Montenegro» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Montenegro, sentence 182

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From Wikipedia, [«Montenegro»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montenegro), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The national parks include: the Durmitor National Park (1952), having an area of 390 km2, is also a massif.

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**Who acts:** national parks, Durmitor National Park · **What happens:** include, have, be · **To what, where:** area, massif

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Montenegro». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (national parks, Durmitor National Park), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Montenegro:182
# text = The national parks include: the Durmitor National Park (1952), having an area of 390 km2, is also a massif.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	parks	park	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	include	include	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	Durmitor	Durmitor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
8	National	National	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	Park	Park	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	1952	1952	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	acl:relcl	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	390	390	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nmod	_	_
19	km2	km2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
22	also	also	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	massif	massif	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **include** | present | the national parks |  |  |  |  | the Durmitor National Park and a massif *parataxis* | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **have** | gerund | the Durmitor National Park and a massif *not said here* | a area of 390 |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent area=Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | present | the national parks *not said here* | a massif |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Montenegro», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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