---
title: Nicholas I established diplomatic relations with the Ottoman Empire. — Montenegro · tree and pragmatics
description: Nicholas I established diplomatic relations with the Ottoman Empire. Who acts: Nicholas. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Montenegro» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Montenegro, sentence 67

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From Wikipedia, [«Montenegro»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montenegro), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Nicholas I established diplomatic relations with the Ottoman Empire.

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**Who acts:** Nicholas · **What happens:** establish · **To what, where:** diplomatic relations

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Montenegro». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nicholas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Montenegro:67
# text = Nicholas I established diplomatic relations with the Ottoman Empire.
1	Nicholas	Nicholas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	established	establish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	diplomatic	diplomatic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	relations	relation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Ottoman	Ottoman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **establish** | past | Nicholas | diplomatic relations |  |  |  | with the Ottoman Empire; I *nsubj* | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent relation=Theme with empire=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Montenegro», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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