---
title: December 2017 was the darkest month in Moscow since records began, w… — Moscow · tree and pragmatics
description: December 2017 was the darkest month in Moscow since records began, with only six minutes of sunlight. Who acts: December, records. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Moscow» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Moscow, sentence 217

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From Wikipedia, [«Moscow»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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December 2017 was the darkest month in Moscow since records began, with only six minutes of sunlight.

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**Who acts:** December, records · **What happens:** be, begin · **To what, where:** darkest month, Moscow

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Moscow». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (December, records), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Moscow:217
# text = December 2017 was the darkest month in Moscow since records began, with only six minutes of sunlight.
1	December	December	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	2017	2017	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	flat	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	darkest	dark	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Moscow	Moscow	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	records	record	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	only	only	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | December | the darkest month |  | Moscow |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **begin** | past | records |  |  |  | minute |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Moscow», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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