---
title: In 2011, Chad signed a contract with a Chinese civil engineering gro… — N'Djamena · tree and pragmatics
description: In 2011, Chad signed a contract with a Chinese civil engineering group to build a railway to eventually connect N'Djamena to Sudan and Cameroon, as well as other Chadian cities. Who acts: Chad. A sentence of Wikipedia's «N'Djamena» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# N'Djamena, sentence 100

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From Wikipedia, [«N'Djamena»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 2011, Chad signed a contract with a Chinese civil engineering group to build a railway to eventually connect N'Djamena to Sudan and Cameroon, as well as other Chadian cities.

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**Who acts:** Chad · **What happens:** sign, build, connect · **To what, where:** contract, 2011, railway, N'Djamena, Sudan

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «N'Djamena». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:N'Djamena:100
# text = In 2011, Chad signed a contract with a Chinese civil engineering group to build a railway to eventually connect N'Djamena to Sudan and Cameroon, as well as other Chadian cities.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	2011	2011	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Chad	Chad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	signed	sign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	contract	contract	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
10	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	civil	civil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	engineering	engineering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	build	build	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	railway	railway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
19	eventually	eventually	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	connect	connect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	acl	_	_
21	N'Djamena	N'Djamena	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Sudan	Sudan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	Cameroon	Cameroon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
27	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	32	cc	_	_
28	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	27	fixed	_	_
29	as	as	ADP	IN	_	27	fixed	_	_
30	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
31	Chadian	chadian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sign** | past | Chad | a contract |  | 2011 |  | with a Chinese civil engineering group | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent contract=Theme in 2011=Destination |
| 2 | **build** | to-infinitive | Chad *not said here* | a railway |  |  |  | other Chadian cities *obl* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset railway=Product |
| 3 | **connect** | to-infinitive | Chad *not said here* | N'Djamena | Sudan and Cameroon |  |  | eventually *property* | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent n'djamena=Patient to sudan=Co-Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «N'Djamena», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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