---
title: Given this high population growth, owing itself both to urban migrat… — Nairobi · tree and pragmatics
description: Given this high population growth, owing itself both to urban migration and high birth rates, the economy has yet to catch up. Who acts: high population growth, economy. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Nairobi» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Nairobi, sentence 219

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From Wikipedia, [«Nairobi»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nairobi), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Given this high population growth, owing itself both to urban migration and high birth rates, the economy has yet to catch up.

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**Who acts:** high population growth, economy · **What happens:** give, owe, have, catch up · **To what, where:** class, urban migration

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Nairobi». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (high population growth, economy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Nairobi:219
# text = Given this high population growth, owing itself both to urban migration and high birth rates, the economy has yet to catch up.
1	Given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	case	_	_
2	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
3	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	owing	owe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	7	obj	_	_
9	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	appos	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	urban	urban	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	migration	migration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	birth	birth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	rates	rate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
21	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
24	up	up	ADP	RP	_	23	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **owe** | gerund | high population growth  this *not said here* | class |  |  |  | to urban migration and high birth rates *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent itself=Theme to migration=Goal |
| 3 | **have** | present | the economy |  |  |  |  | give high population growth  this | tree rules |
| 4 | **catch up** | to-infinitive | the economy *not said here* |  |  |  | yet |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Nairobi», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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