---
title: Efundja, the annual seasonal flooding of the northern parts of the c… — Namibia · tree and pragmatics
description: Efundja, the annual seasonal flooding of the northern parts of the country, often causes not only damage to infrastructure but loss of life. Who acts: Efundja. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Namibia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Namibia, sentence 166

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From Wikipedia, [«Namibia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namibia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Efundja, the annual seasonal flooding of the northern parts of the country, often causes not only damage to infrastructure but loss of life.

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**Who acts:** Efundja · **What happens:** cause, not damage, flood · **To what, where:** northern parts

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Namibia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Efundja), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Namibia:166
# text = Efundja, the annual seasonal flooding of the northern parts of the country, often causes not only damage to infrastructure but loss of life.
1	Efundja	Efundja	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	annual	annual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	seasonal	seasonal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	flooding	flooding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
15	often	often	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
18	only	only	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	damage	damage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
22	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present | Efundja |  |  |  |  | often *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **damage** | infinitive | Efundja *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to infrastructure but loss of life | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **flood** |  |  | the northern parts of the country |  |  |  |  | nom flooding «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Namibia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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