---
title: Schools are frequently forced to close because they do not have reli… — Nauru · tree and pragmatics
description: Schools are frequently forced to close because they do not have reliable toilets or drinking water for students to use. Who acts: Schools. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Nauru» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Nauru, sentence 282

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From Wikipedia, [«Nauru»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauru), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Schools are frequently forced to close because they do not have reliable toilets or drinking water for students to use.

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**Who acts:** Schools · **What happens:** force, close, not have, drink, use · **To what, where:** Schools, reliable toilets, water

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Nauru». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Schools), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Nauru:282
# text = Schools are frequently forced to close because they do not have reliable toilets or drinking water for students to use.
1	Schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	frequently	frequently	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	forced	force	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	close	close	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
12	reliable	reliable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	toilets	toilet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	drinking	drink	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	conj	_	_
16	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	students	student	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **force** | present · passive |  | Schools |  |  |  | frequently *property* | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **close** | to-infinitive | Schools *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **have** | present · do-support | schools *= school* | reliable toilets |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toilet=Patient |
| 4 | **drink** | gerund | schools *= school* *not said here* | water |  |  |  | for students | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |
| 5 | **use** | to-infinitive | schools *= school* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Nauru», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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