---
title: In the lower hills (700 m – 2,000 m), subtropical and temperate deci… — Nepal · tree and pragmatics
description: In the lower hills (700 m – 2,000 m), subtropical and temperate deciduous mixed forests containing mostly Sal (in the lower altitudes), Chilaune and Katus, as well as subtropical pine forest dominated by chir pine are common. Who acts: deciduous mixed forests. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Nepal» with 
---

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# Nepal, sentence 159

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From Wikipedia, [«Nepal»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In the lower hills (700 m – 2,000 m), subtropical and temperate deciduous mixed forests containing mostly Sal (in the lower altitudes), Chilaune and Katus, as well as subtropical pine forest dominated by chir pine are common.

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**Who acts:** deciduous mixed forests · **What happens:** temperate, mix, contain, dominate, be · **To what, where:** Sal, subtropical pine forest, lower hills

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Nepal». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (deciduous mixed forests), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Nepal:159
# text = In the lower hills (700 m – 2,000 m), subtropical and temperate deciduous mixed forests containing mostly Sal (in the lower altitudes), Chilaune and Katus, as well as subtropical pine forest dominated by chir pine are common.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	amod	_	_
4	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	700	700	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	m	m	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	appos	_	_
8	–	–	SYM	SYM	ExtPos=ADP	10	cc	_	_
9	2,000	2000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	m	m	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	subtropical	subtropical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	temperate	temperate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
16	deciduous	deciduous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
17	mixed	mix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	amod	_	_
18	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	nsubj	_	_
19	containing	contain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	acl	_	_
20	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	Sal	Sal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
22	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	26	amod	_	_
26	altitudes	altitude	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	Chilaune	Chilaune	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	Katus	Katus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
33	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	38	cc	_	_
34	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	33	fixed	_	_
35	as	as	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	subtropical	subtropical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
37	pine	pine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	compound	_	_
38	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
39	dominated	dominate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	38	acl	_	_
40	by	by	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	chir	chir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	compound	_	_
42	pine	pine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl:agent	_	_
43	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	44	cop	_	_
44	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **temperate** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mix** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **contain** | gerund | deciduous mixed forests as subtropical pine forest *not said here* | Sal and Chilaune and Katus |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 4 | **dominate** | participle |  | subtropical pine forest *not said here* |  |  |  | chir pine *obl:agent* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | present | deciduous mixed forests as subtropical pine forest |  |  |  |  | common *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Nepal», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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