---
title: Nepal was one of the first countries to recognise an independent Ban… — Nepal · tree and pragmatics
description: Nepal was one of the first countries to recognise an independent Bangladesh, and the two countries seek to enhance greater cooperation, on trade and water management; seaports in Bangladesh, being closer, are seen as viable alternatives to India's monopoly on Nepal's third-country trade. Who acts: N
---

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# Nepal, sentence 253

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From Wikipedia, [«Nepal»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Nepal was one of the first countries to recognise an independent Bangladesh, and the two countries seek to enhance greater cooperation, on trade and water management; seaports in Bangladesh, being closer, are seen as viable alternatives to India's monopoly on Nepal's third-country trade.

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**Who acts:** Nepal, two countries · **What happens:** be, recognise, seek, enhance, see, trade · **To what, where:** one, independent Bangladesh, greater cooperation, seaports, country trade

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Nepal». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nepal, two countries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Nepal:253
# text = Nepal was one of the first countries to recognise an independent Bangladesh, and the two countries seek to enhance greater cooperation, on trade and water management; seaports in Bangladesh, being closer, are seen as viable alternatives to India's monopoly on Nepal's third-country trade.
1	Nepal	Nepal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	recognise	recognise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	Bangladesh	Bangladesh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
18	seek	seek	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	enhance	enhance	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	22	amod	_	_
22	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	management	management	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
30	seaports	seaport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	nsubj:pass	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Bangladesh	Bangladesh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	35	cop	_	_
35	closer	close	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	30	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
37	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux:pass	_	_
38	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	parataxis	_	_
39	as	as	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	viable	viable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	alternatives	alternative	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obl	_	_
42	to	to	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
43	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	45	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	's	's	PART	POS	_	43	case	_	_
45	monopoly	monopoly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
46	on	on	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
47	Nepal	Nepal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	52	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	's	's	PART	POS	_	47	case	_	_
49	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	51	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	49	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	compound	_	_
52	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Nepal | one |  |  |  | of the first countries | tree rules |
| 2 | **recognise** | to-infinitive | Nepal *not said here* | a independent Bangladesh |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bangladesh=Stimulus |
| 3 | **seek** | present | the two countries |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **enhance** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the two countries *not said here* | greater cooperation and trade and water management |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent cooperation=Patient |
| 5 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | close *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **see** | present · passive |  | seaports in Bangladesh |  | Nepal's country trade |  | as viable alternatives; to India's monopoly | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as alternative=Attribute |
| 7 | **trade** |  | Nepal |  |  |  |  |  | nom trade «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Nepal», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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