---
title: Water sachet vendors arose around the 1990s, manually filling sachet… — Niamey · tree and pragmatics
description: Water sachet vendors arose around the 1990s, manually filling sachets imported from Nigeria; factories were established by the early 2000s and supplanted manual production by the 2010s. Who acts: sachet vendors, early 2000s. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Niamey» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Niamey, sentence 481

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From Wikipedia, [«Niamey»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niamey), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Water sachet vendors arose around the 1990s, manually filling sachets imported from Nigeria; factories were established by the early 2000s and supplanted manual production by the 2010s.

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**Who acts:** sachet vendors, early 2000s · **What happens:** arise, fill, import, establish, supplant · **To what, where:** 1990s, sachets, Nigeria, factories, manual production

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Niamey». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sachet vendors, early 2000s), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Niamey:481
# text = Water sachet vendors arose around the 1990s, manually filling sachets imported from Nigeria; factories were established by the early 2000s and supplanted manual production by the 2010s.
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	sachet	sachet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	vendors	vendor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	around	around	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	1990s	1990s	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	manually	manually	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	filling	fill	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
11	sachets	sachet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	imported	import	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Nigeria	Nigeria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	factories	factory	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
17	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	2000s	2000	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	18	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	supplanted	supplant	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	conj	_	_
25	manual	manual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	production	production	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	by	by	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	2010s	2010	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | past | sachet vendors |  |  | the 1990s |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around 1990s=Location |
| 2 | **fill** | gerund | sachet vendors *not said here* | sachets |  |  |  | manually *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sachet=Patient |
| 3 | **import** | participle |  | sachets *not said here* |  | Nigeria |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent from nigeria=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **establish** | past · passive | the early 2000s | factories |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 5 | **supplant** | participle | the early 2000s *not said here* | manual production |  |  |  | by the 2010s | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme production=Co-Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Niamey», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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