--- title: Waste dumped on the ground pollutes the river and groundwater, and l… — Niamey · tree and pragmatics description: Waste dumped on the ground pollutes the river and groundwater, and litter often obstructs drainage pipes. as of 2020, municipal wastewater treatment has been non-functional for over a decade; some factories and hospitals treat their wastewater themselves. Who acts: Waste, litter, municipal wastewate --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niamey/505/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Niamey](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niamey/) / 505 # Niamey, sentence 505 From Wikipedia, [«Niamey»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niamey), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. Waste dumped on the ground pollutes the river and groundwater, and litter often obstructs drainage pipes. as of 2020, municipal wastewater treatment has been non-functional for over a decade; some factories and hospitals treat their wastewater themselves. **Who acts:** Waste, litter, municipal wastewater treatment, factories · **What happens:** dump, pollute, obstruct, be, treat · **To what, where:** Waste, ground, river, drainage pipes, wastewater This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Niamey». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Waste, litter, municipal wastewater treatment, factories), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = wikipedia:Niamey:505 # text = Waste dumped on the ground pollutes the river and groundwater, and litter often obstructs drainage pipes. as of 2020, municipal wastewater treatment has been non-functional for over a decade; some factories and hospitals treat their wastewater themselves. 1 Waste waste NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 2 dumped dump VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 1 acl _ _ 3 on on ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 6 pollutes pollute VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 groundwater groundwater NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 13 litter litter NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 14 often often ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 15 obstructs obstruct VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 16 drainage drainage NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ _ 17 pipes pipe NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 18 . . PUNCT . _ 17 punct _ _ 19 as as ADP IN ExtPos=ADP 21 case _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 19 fixed _ _ 21 2020 2020 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 15 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 23 municipal municipal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 24 wastewater wastewater NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound _ _ 25 treatment treatment NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 26 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 27 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 28 cop _ _ 28 non-functional non-functional ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 conj _ _ 29 for for ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 30 over over ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 decade decade NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 33 ; ; PUNCT : _ 38 punct _ _ 34 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 35 det _ _ 35 factories factory NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 nsubj _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 37 hospitals hospital NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 conj _ _ 38 treat treat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 39 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ _ 40 wastewater wastewater NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ _ 41 themselves themselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 38 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 42 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **dump** | participle | | Waste *not said here* | | the ground | | | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent on ground=Trajectory | | 2 | **pollute** | present | Waste | the river and groundwater | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **obstruct** | present | litter | drainage pipes | | | | as 2020; often *property* | vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer pipe=Eventuality | | 4 | **is** | present · perfect | municipal wastewater treatment | | | | decade | non-functional *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **treat** | present | some factories and hospitals | factories's wastewater | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Niamey», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0. - ← previous: [sentence 504](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niamey/504/) - next →: [sentence 506](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niamey/506/) - ↑ back to [Niamey](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niamey/)