---
title: The OAS, United States, and European Union all described the 2021 el… — Nicaragua · tree and pragmatics
description: The OAS, United States, and European Union all described the 2021 election as a "sham" due to these issues. Who acts: OAS. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Nicaragua» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Nicaragua, sentence 262

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From Wikipedia, [«Nicaragua»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicaragua), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The OAS, United States, and European Union all described the 2021 election as a "sham" due to these issues.

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**Who acts:** OAS · **What happens:** describe · **To what, where:** 2021 election

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Nicaragua». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (OAS), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Nicaragua:262
# text = The OAS, United States, and European Union all described the 2021 election as a "sham" due to these issues.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	OAS	OAS	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	United	United	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	European	European	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	Union	Union	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	flat	_	_
10	all	all	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	described	describe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	2021	2021	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	election	election	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	sham	sham	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
20	due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	18	amod	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	fixed	_	_
22	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	23	det	_	_
23	issues	issue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | past | the OAS and United States | the 2021 election |  |  |  | as a sham; European *nsubj*; all *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent election=Theme as sham=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Nicaragua», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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