---
title: By the 4th century, the town had become the seat of a bishopric know… — Nicosia · tree and pragmatics
description: By the 4th century, the town had become the seat of a bishopric known as Ledron, Leuteon, or Leucotheon. Who acts: town. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Nicosia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Nicosia, sentence 33

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From Wikipedia, [«Nicosia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicosia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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By the 4th century, the town had become the seat of a bishopric known as Ledron, Leuteon, or Leucotheon.

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**Who acts:** town · **What happens:** become, know · **To what, where:** seat, bishopric

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Nicosia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (town), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Nicosia:33
# text = By the 4th century, the town had become the seat of a bishopric known as Ledron, Leuteon, or Leucotheon.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	4th	4th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	4	amod	_	_
4	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	xcomp	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	bishopric	bishopric	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
16	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Ledron	Ledron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	Leuteon	Leuteon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	Leucotheon	Leucotheon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past · perfect | the town | the seat of a bishopric |  |  | century |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **know** | participle |  | a bishopric *not said here* |  |  |  | as Ledron and Leuteon or Leucotheon | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer as ledron=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Nicosia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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