--- title: The brutal methods of Voulet and Chanoine caused a scandal, and Pari… — Niger · tree and pragmatics description: The brutal methods of Voulet and Chanoine caused a scandal, and Paris was forced to intervene; when Lieutenant-Colonel Jean-François Klobb caught up with the mission near Tessaoua to relieve them of command, he was killed. Who acts: brutal methods, Paris, Lieutenant. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Niger --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niger/101/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Niger](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niger/) / 101 # Niger, sentence 101 From Wikipedia, [«Niger»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niger), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. The brutal methods of Voulet and Chanoine caused a scandal, and Paris was forced to intervene; when Lieutenant-Colonel Jean-François Klobb caught up with the mission near Tessaoua to relieve them of command, he was killed. **Who acts:** brutal methods, Paris, Lieutenant · **What happens:** cause, force, intervene, catch up, relieve, kill · **To what, where:** scandal, Paris, Lieutenant This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Niger». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brutal methods, Paris, Lieutenant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = wikipedia:Niger:101 # text = The brutal methods of Voulet and Chanoine caused a scandal, and Paris was forced to intervene; when Lieutenant-Colonel Jean-François Klobb caught up with the mission near Tessaoua to relieve them of command, he was killed. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 brutal brutal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 methods method NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Voulet Voulet PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 Chanoine Chanoine PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 conj _ _ 8 caused cause VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 scandal scandal NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 13 Paris Paris PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nsubj:pass _ _ 14 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux:pass _ _ 15 forced force VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 parataxis _ _ 16 to to PART TO _ 17 mark _ _ 17 intervene intervene VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 18 ; ; PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 19 when when SCONJ WRB _ 27 mark _ _ 20 Lieutenant Lieutenant PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 21 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 22 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 22 Colonel Colonel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 conj _ _ 23 Jean Jean PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 24 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 25 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 25 François François PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 conj _ _ 26 Klobb Klobb PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 flat _ _ 27 caught catch VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 28 up up ADP RP _ 27 compound:prt _ _ 29 with with ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 mission mission NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 32 near near ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 Tessaoua Tessaoua PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 34 to to PART TO _ 35 mark _ _ 35 relieve relieve VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 advcl _ _ 36 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 obj _ _ 37 of of ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 command command NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 40 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj:pass _ _ 41 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 42 aux:pass _ _ 42 killed kill VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 43 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cause** | past | the brutal methods of Voulet and Chanoine | a scandal | | | | | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition scandal=Patient | | 2 | **force** | past · passive | | Paris | | | | | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | | 3 | **intervene** | to-infinitive | Paris *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **catch up** | past | Lieutenant and Colonel and François | | | | | with the mission near Tessaoua | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **relieve** | to-infinitive | Lieutenant and Colonel and François *not said here* | Lieutenant | | | | of command | vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer they=Source of command=Theme | | 6 | **kill** | past · passive | | Paris | | | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Niger», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0. - ← previous: [sentence 100](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niger/100/) - next →: [sentence 102](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niger/102/) - ↑ back to [Niger](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niger/)