---
title: In 2001, Niger under President Mamadou Tandja has ten recognized nat… — Niger · tree and pragmatics
description: In 2001, Niger under President Mamadou Tandja has ten recognized national languages, namely Arabic, Buduma, Fulfulde, Gourmanchéma, Hausa, Kanuri, Zarma and Songhay, Tamasheq, Tassawaq and Tebu. Who acts: Niger. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Niger» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niger/322/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Niger](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niger/) / 322

# Niger, sentence 322

<!-- div src -->

From Wikipedia, [«Niger»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niger), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In 2001, Niger under President Mamadou Tandja has ten recognized national languages, namely Arabic, Buduma, Fulfulde, Gourmanchéma, Hausa, Kanuri, Zarma and Songhay, Tamasheq, Tassawaq and Tebu.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Niger · **What happens:** have, recognize · **To what, where:** ten recognized national languages, 2001

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Niger». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Niger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Niger:322
# text = In 2001, Niger under President Mamadou Tandja has ten recognized national languages, namely Arabic, Buduma, Fulfulde, Gourmanchéma, Hausa, Kanuri, Zarma and Songhay, Tamasheq, Tassawaq and Tebu.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	2001	2001	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Niger	Niger	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	President	President	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:desc	_	_
7	Mamadou	Mamadou	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	Tandja	Tandja	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	_
9	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
11	recognized	recognize	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
12	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	namely	namely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	Arabic	Arabic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	Buduma	Buduma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	Fulfulde	Fulfulde	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	Gourmanchéma	Gourmanchéma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	Hausa	Hausa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	Kanuri	Kanuri	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	Zarma	Zarma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	Songhay	Songhay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	Tamasheq	Tamasheq	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
34	Tassawaq	Tassawaq	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	Tebu	Tebu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Niger under Mamadou  President | ten recognized national languages |  | 2001 |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient |
| 2 | **recognize** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Niger», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 321](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niger/321/)
- next →: [sentence 323](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niger/323/)
- ↑ back to [Niger](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Niger/)