---
title: In 1995, Abacha's regime hanged environmentalist Ken Saro-Wiwa on tr… — Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: In 1995, Abacha's regime hanged environmentalist Ken Saro-Wiwa on trumped-up charges in the deaths of four Ogoni elders, which caused Nigerian's suspension from the Commonwealth. Who acts: four Ogoni elders. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Nigeria» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Nigeria, sentence 194

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From Wikipedia, [«Nigeria»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 1995, Abacha's regime hanged environmentalist Ken Saro-Wiwa on trumped-up charges in the deaths of four Ogoni elders, which caused Nigerian's suspension from the Commonwealth.

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**Who acts:** four Ogoni elders · **What happens:** trump, cause, die · **To what, where:** suspension, Commonwealth, 1995

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Nigeria». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (four Ogoni elders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Nigeria:194
# text = In 1995, Abacha's regime hanged environmentalist Ken Saro-Wiwa on trumped-up charges in the deaths of four Ogoni elders, which caused Nigerian's suspension from the Commonwealth.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1995	1995	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Abacha	Abacha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	regime	regime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
7	hanged	hanged	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	environmentalist	environmentalist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:desc	_	_
9	Ken	Ken	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod:unmarked	_	_
10	Saro	Saro	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Wiwa	Wiwa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
14	trumped	trump	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	up	up	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	charges	charge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	deaths	death	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	_
23	Ogoni	Ogoni	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	nsubj	_	_
27	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	acl:relcl	_	_
28	Nigerian	Nigerian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	's	's	PART	POS	_	28	case	_	_
30	suspension	suspension	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
31	from	from	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	Commonwealth	Commonwealth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trump** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cause** | past | four Ogoni elders | Nigerian's suspension |  | the Commonwealth |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition suspension=Patient |
| 4 | **die** |  | four Ogoni elders |  |  |  |  |  | nom death «event intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Nigeria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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