---
title: He complained about slave raids on the local Muslim population by Ju… — Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: He complained about slave raids on the local Muslim population by Judham Arabs, who he described as polytheists who deviated from true religion. Who acts: Mai, Judham Arabs, polytheists. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Nigeria» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Nigeria, sentence 52

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From Wikipedia, [«Nigeria»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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He complained about slave raids on the local Muslim population by Judham Arabs, who he described as polytheists who deviated from true religion.

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**Who acts:** Mai, Judham Arabs, polytheists · **What happens:** complain, describe, deviate · **To what, where:** local Muslim population

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Nigeria». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mai, Judham Arabs, polytheists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Nigeria:52
# text = He complained about slave raids on the local Muslim population by Judham Arabs, who he described as polytheists who deviated from true religion.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	complained	complain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	slave	slave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	raids	raid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	Muslim	Muslim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	Judham	Judham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	Arabs	Arab	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	described	describe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
18	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	polytheists	polytheist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
20	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	deviated	deviate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
22	from	from	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	religion	religion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **complain** *speech: other* | past | Mai |  |  | the local Muslim population by Judham Arabs |  | about slave raids | vn complain-37.8 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about raid=Topic |
| 2 | **describe** | past | Judham Arabs |  |  |  |  | as polytheists; Mai *nsubj* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent as polytheist=Attribute |
| 3 | **deviate** | past | polytheists |  |  |  |  | from true religion | vn differ-23.4 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme from religion=Co-Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Nigeria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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