---
title: They were first opened in the 1990s, and have since become very popu… — Northern Cyprus · tree and pragmatics
description: They were first opened in the 1990s, and have since become very popular with visitors from Turkey and the rest of the island, where casinos are banned. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Northern Cyprus» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Northern Cyprus, sentence 208

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From Wikipedia, [«Northern Cyprus»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Cyprus), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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They were first opened in the 1990s, and have since become very popular with visitors from Turkey and the rest of the island, where casinos are banned.

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**What happens:** open, become, ban · **To what, where:** tourism, 1990s, casinos

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Northern Cyprus». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Northern_Cyprus:208
# text = They were first opened in the 1990s, and have since become very popular with visitors from Turkey and the rest of the island, where casinos are banned.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	advmod	_	_
4	opened	open	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	1990s	1990s	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	since	since	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
13	very	very	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	popular	popular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	visitors	visitor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Turkey	Turkey	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	29	advmod	_	_
27	casinos	casino	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	banned	ban	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past · passive |  | tourism |  | the 1990s |  | first *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: subject=Theme in 1990s=Location |
| 2 | **become** | present · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | popular, since *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **ban** | present · passive |  | casinos |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Northern Cyprus», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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