---
title: By the end of the 19th century, and with the loss of its African dom… — Oman · tree and pragmatics
description: By the end of the 19th century, and with the loss of its African dominions and its revenues, British influence increased to the point that the sultans became heavily dependent on British loans and signed declarations to consult the British government on all important matters. Who acts: sultans, impo
---

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# Oman, sentence 151

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From Wikipedia, [«Oman»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oman), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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By the end of the 19th century, and with the loss of its African dominions and its revenues, British influence increased to the point that the sultans became heavily dependent on British loans and signed declarations to consult the British government on all important matters.

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**Who acts:** sultans, important · **What happens:** increase, become, sign, consult, matter · **To what, where:** British influence, point, declarations, British government

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Oman». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sultans, important), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Oman:151
# text = By the end of the 19th century, and with the loss of its African dominions and its revenues, British influence increased to the point that the sultans became heavily dependent on British loans and signed declarations to consult the British government on all important matters.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	19th	19th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
15	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	dominions	dominion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	revenues	revenue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	influence	influence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
23	increased	increase	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	acl	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
27	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	30	obj	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	sultans	sultan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nsubj	_	_
30	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	acl:relcl	_	_
31	heavily	heavily	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
32	dependent	dependent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	xcomp	_	_
33	on	on	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	loans	loan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	signed	sign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	conj	_	_
38	declarations	declaration	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obj	_	_
39	to	to	PART	TO	_	40	mark	_	_
40	consult	consult	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	37	xcomp	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
42	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
43	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obj	_	_
44	on	on	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
45	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	46	det	_	_
46	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	nsubj	_	_
47	matters	matter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	40	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **increase** | participle |  | British influence *not said here* |  |  |  | to the point | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **become** | past | the sultans | the point |  |  |  | dependent *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Patient that=Result |
| 3 | **sign** | past | the sultans *not said here* | declarations |  |  |  |  | vn instr\_communication-37.4.1 «NP V NP.recipient when S\_INF»: agent=Agent declaration=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 4 | **consult** | to-infinitive | the sultans *not said here* | the British government |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent government=Theme |
| 5 | **matter** | present | all important |  |  |  |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Oman», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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