---
title: A free-trade agreement with the United States took effect 1 January… — Oman · tree and pragmatics
description: A free-trade agreement with the United States took effect 1 January 2009, which eliminated tariff barriers on all consumer and industrial products and provided strong protections for foreign businesses investing in Oman. Who acts: trade agreement, foreign businesses. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Oman»
---

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# Oman, sentence 368

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From Wikipedia, [«Oman»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oman), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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A free-trade agreement with the United States took effect 1 January 2009, which eliminated tariff barriers on all consumer and industrial products and provided strong protections for foreign businesses investing in Oman.

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**Who acts:** trade agreement, foreign businesses · **What happens:** take, eliminate, provide, invest · **To what, where:** effect, tariff barriers, consumer, strong protections, Oman

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Oman». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trade agreement, foreign businesses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Oman:368
# text = A free-trade agreement with the United States took effect 1 January 2009, which eliminated tariff barriers on all consumer and industrial products and provided strong protections for foreign businesses investing in Oman.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	agreement	agreement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	United	United	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
10	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	flat	_	_
13	January	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	2009	2009	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	eliminated	eliminate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
18	tariff	tariff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	barriers	barrier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	22	det	_	_
22	consumer	consumer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	industrial	industrial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	products	product	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	conj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	provided	provide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
28	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	protections	protection	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obj	_	_
30	for	for	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	businesses	business	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nmod	_	_
33	investing	invest	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	32	acl	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	Oman	Oman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | a trade agreement with the United States | effect |  |  | january |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Theme |
| 2 | **eliminate** | past |  | tariff barriers |  | all consumer and industrial products |  | which *nsubj* | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent barrier=Patient |
| 3 | **provide** | past |  | strong protections |  |  |  | for foreign businesses | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Precondition protection=Theme for business=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **invest** | gerund | foreign businesses *not said here* |  |  | Oman |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Oman», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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