---
title: Independent researchers estimate that between 300,000 and 500,000 ci… — Pakistan · tree and pragmatics
description: Independent researchers estimate that between 300,000 and 500,000 civilians died during this period while the Bangladesh government puts the number of dead at three million, a figure now nearly universally regarded as excessively inflated. Who acts: Independent researchers, civilians, Bangladesh gov
---

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# Pakistan, sentence 109

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From Wikipedia, [«Pakistan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Independent researchers estimate that between 300,000 and 500,000 civilians died during this period while the Bangladesh government puts the number of dead at three million, a figure now nearly universally regarded as excessively inflated.

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**Who acts:** Independent researchers, civilians, Bangladesh government · **What happens:** estimate, die, put, regard, inflate · **To what, where:** number, three million, figure

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Pakistan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Independent researchers, civilians, Bangladesh government), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Pakistan:109
# text = Independent researchers estimate that between 300,000 and 500,000 civilians died during this period while the Bangladesh government puts the number of dead at three million, a figure now nearly universally regarded as excessively inflated.
1	Independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	researchers	researcher	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	estimate	estimate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
5	between	between	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	300,000	300000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	500,000	500,000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	conj	_	_
9	civilians	civilian	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
11	during	during	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	det	_	_
13	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	Bangladesh	Bangladesh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	puts	put	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	nmod	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	compound	_	_
25	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	figure	figure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
29	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	32	advmod	_	_
30	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	universally	universally	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
32	regarded	regard	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
33	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	35	mark	_	_
34	excessively	excessively	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
35	inflated	inflate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **estimate** | present | Independent researchers |  |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Value |
| 2 | **die** | past | civilians |  |  |  | during this period | between 300,000 | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **put** | present | the Bangladesh government | the number of dead |  | three million |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent number=Theme at million=Destination |
| 4 | **regard** | participle · passive |  | a figure |  |  | now | universally *property* | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 5 | **inflate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | excessively *property* | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Pakistan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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