---
title: Since 1989, thousands of Kashmiri Muslim refugees fled to Pakistan,… — Pakistan · tree and pragmatics
description: Since 1989, thousands of Kashmiri Muslim refugees fled to Pakistan, alleging rape and forced displacement by Indian soldiers. Who acts: thousands. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Pakistan» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Pakistan, sentence 475

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From Wikipedia, [«Pakistan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Since 1989, thousands of Kashmiri Muslim refugees fled to Pakistan, alleging rape and forced displacement by Indian soldiers.

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**Who acts:** thousands · **What happens:** flee, allege, force · **To what, where:** Pakistan, rape

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Pakistan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thousands), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Pakistan:475
# text = Since 1989, thousands of Kashmiri Muslim refugees fled to Pakistan, alleging rape and forced displacement by Indian soldiers.
1	Since	since	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1989	1989	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	Kashmiri	Kashmiri	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
7	Muslim	Muslim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	refugees	refugee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Pakistan	Pakistan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	alleging	allege	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
14	rape	rape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	forced	force	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	amod	_	_
17	displacement	displacement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flee** | past | thousands of Kashmiri Muslim refugees |  |  | Pakistan | since 1989 |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to pakistan=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **allege** *speech: other* | gerund | thousands of Kashmiri Muslim refugees *not said here* | rape and forced displacement |  |  |  | by Indian soldiers | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent rape=Topic |
| 3 | **force** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Pakistan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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