---
title: Archaeological finds and testimonials by early European explorers de… — Panama · tree and pragmatics
description: Archaeological finds and testimonials by early European explorers describe diverse native isthmian groups exhibiting cultural variety and suggesting people developed by regular regional routes of commerce. Who acts: Archaeological, testimonials, diverse native isthmian groups. A sentence of Wikipedi
---

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# Panama, sentence 35

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From Wikipedia, [«Panama»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Archaeological finds and testimonials by early European explorers describe diverse native isthmian groups exhibiting cultural variety and suggesting people developed by regular regional routes of commerce.

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**Who acts:** Archaeological, testimonials, diverse native isthmian groups · **What happens:** find, describe, exhibit, suggest, develop · **To what, where:** diverse native isthmian groups, cultural variety, people

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Panama». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Archaeological, testimonials, diverse native isthmian groups), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Panama:35
# text = Archaeological finds and testimonials by early European explorers describe diverse native isthmian groups exhibiting cultural variety and suggesting people developed by regular regional routes of commerce.
1	Archaeological	Archaeological	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	finds	find	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
4	testimonials	testimonial	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	explorers	explorer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	describe	describe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	diverse	diverse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	isthmian	isthmian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	groups	group	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
14	exhibiting	exhibit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	acl	_	_
15	cultural	cultural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	variety	variety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	suggesting	suggest	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	conj	_	_
19	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
20	developed	develop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	acl	_	_
21	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	regular	regular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
23	regional	regional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	routes	route	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	commerce	commerce	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | present | Archaeological |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **describe** | present | testimonials by early European explorers | diverse native isthmian groups |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent group=Theme |
| 3 | **exhibit** | gerund | diverse native isthmian groups *not said here* | cultural variety |  |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent variety=Theme |
| 4 | **suggest** *speech: suggest* | gerund | diverse native isthmian groups *not said here* | people |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent people=Topic |
| 5 | **develop** | participle |  | people *not said here* |  |  |  | by regular regional routes of commerce | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by route=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Panama», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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