---
title: The Indigenous populations east of the Andes speak various languages… — Peru · tree and pragmatics
description: The Indigenous populations east of the Andes speak various languages and dialects. Who acts: Indigenous populations. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Peru» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Peru, sentence 478

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From Wikipedia, [«Peru»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peru), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The Indigenous populations east of the Andes speak various languages and dialects.

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**Who acts:** Indigenous populations · **What happens:** speak · **To what, where:** various languages · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Peru». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indigenous populations), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Peru:478
# text = The Indigenous populations east of the Andes speak various languages and dialects.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Indigenous	indigenous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	populations	population	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	east	east	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Andes	Ande	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
8	speak	speak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	various	various	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	dialects	dialect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | the Indigenous populations | various languages and dialects |  |  |  | of the Andes; east *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Peru», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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