---
title: Poniatowski was the head figure of the Enlightenment, encouraged the… — Poland · tree and pragmatics
description: Poniatowski was the head figure of the Enlightenment, encouraged the development of industries, and embraced republican neoclassicism. Who acts: Poniatowski. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Poland» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Poland, sentence 108

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From Wikipedia, [«Poland»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Poniatowski was the head figure of the Enlightenment, encouraged the development of industries, and embraced republican neoclassicism.

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**Who acts:** Poniatowski · **What happens:** be, encourage, embrace, develop · **To what, where:** head figure, development, republican neoclassicism, industries

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Poland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Poniatowski), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Poland:108
# text = Poniatowski was the head figure of the Enlightenment, encouraged the development of industries, and embraced republican neoclassicism.
1	Poniatowski	Poniatowski	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	figure	figure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Enlightenment	enlightenment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	encouraged	encourage	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	development	development	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	industries	industry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	embraced	embrace	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
18	republican	Republican	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	neoclassicism	neoclassicism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Poniatowski | the head figure |  |  |  | of the Enlightenment | tree rules |
| 2 | **encourage** | past |  | the development of industries |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent development=Theme |
| 3 | **embrace** | past |  | republican neoclassicism |  |  |  |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent neoclassicism=Co-Agent |
| 4 | **develop** |  |  | industries |  |  |  |  | nom development «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Poland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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