---
title: Both the lower and upper houses of parliament in Poland are elected… — Poland · tree and pragmatics
description: Both the lower and upper houses of parliament in Poland are elected for a four-year term and each member of the Polish parliament is guaranteed parliamentary immunity. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Poland» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Poland, sentence 249

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From Wikipedia, [«Poland»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Both the lower and upper houses of parliament in Poland are elected for a four-year term and each member of the Polish parliament is guaranteed parliamentary immunity.

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**What happens:** elect, guarantee · **To what, where:** upper houses, parliamentary immunity

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Poland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Poland:249
# text = Both the lower and upper houses of parliament in Poland are elected for a four-year term and each member of the Polish parliament is guaranteed parliamentary immunity.
1	Both	both	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc:preconj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
5	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	parliament	parliament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Poland	Poland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	elected	elect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
15	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	term	term	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	21	det	_	_
21	member	member	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	Polish	polish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	parliament	parliament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
26	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	guaranteed	guarantee	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	parataxis	_	_
28	parliamentary	parliamentary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	immunity	immunity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elect** | present · passive |  | upper houses of parliament in Poland |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **guarantee** | present · passive |  | parliamentary immunity |  |  |  | for a year term and each member of the Polish parliament | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: immunity=Theme for term=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Poland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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