---
title: Cemeteries and graves of the deceased are annually visited by family… — Poland · tree and pragmatics
description: Cemeteries and graves of the deceased are annually visited by family members on All Saints' Day; tombstones are cleaned as a sign of respect and candles are lit to honour the dead on an unprecedented scale. Who acts: sign. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Poland» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Poland, sentence 449

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From Wikipedia, [«Poland»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Cemeteries and graves of the deceased are annually visited by family members on All Saints' Day; tombstones are cleaned as a sign of respect and candles are lit to honour the dead on an unprecedented scale.

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**Who acts:** sign · **What happens:** decease, visit, clean, lit, honour · **To what, where:** Cemeteries, candles, dead, unprecedented scale

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Poland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sign), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Poland:449
# text = Cemeteries and graves of the deceased are annually visited by family members on All Saints' Day; tombstones are cleaned as a sign of respect and candles are lit to honour the dead on an unprecedented scale.
1	Cemeteries	cemetery	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	graves	grave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
6	deceased	decease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	amod	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
8	annually	annually	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	visited	visit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	members	member	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl:agent	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
14	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
15	Saints	Saint	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	17	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	'	's	PART	POS	_	15	case	_	_
17	Day	Day	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
19	tombstones	tombstone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
20	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	cleaned	clean	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
22	as	as	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	candles	candle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
29	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	lit	lit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	acl:relcl	_	_
31	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
32	honour	honour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	xcomp	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	obj	_	_
35	on	on	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
37	unprecedented	unprecedented	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	scale	scale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decease** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn die-42.4 «NP V» |
| 2 | **visit** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | family members on all Saints's Day *obl:agent*; annually *property* | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **clean** | present · passive |  | Cemeteries of the deceased tombstones and graves |  |  |  | as a sign | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **lit** | present · passive | a sign *not said here* | candles |  |  |  | of respect | tree rules |
| 5 | **honour** | to-infinitive | a sign *not said here* | the dead |  | a unprecedented scale |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Poland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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