---
title: During the Estado Novo, Portugal remained neutral in World War II, a… — Portugal · tree and pragmatics
description: During the Estado Novo, Portugal remained neutral in World War II, after which the postwar end of colonial legitimacy and the growth of African independence movements increasingly challenged Portuguese rule overseas. Who acts: Portugal, postwar end, African independence movements. A sentence of Wiki
---

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# Portugal, sentence 100

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From Wikipedia, [«Portugal»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugal), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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During the Estado Novo, Portugal remained neutral in World War II, after which the postwar end of colonial legitimacy and the growth of African independence movements increasingly challenged Portuguese rule overseas.

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**Who acts:** Portugal, postwar end, African independence movements · **What happens:** remain, challenge, grow · **To what, where:** World War, Portuguese rule

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Portugal». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Portugal, postwar end, African independence movements), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Portugal:100
# text = During the Estado Novo, Portugal remained neutral in World War II, after which the postwar end of colonial legitimacy and the growth of African independence movements increasingly challenged Portuguese rule overseas.
1	During	during	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Estado	Estado	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Novo	Novo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	Portugal	Portugal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	remained	remain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	neutral	neutral	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	World	World	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	War	War	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	11	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
14	after	after	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	30	obl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	postwar	postwar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	colonial	colonial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	legitimacy	legitimacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
27	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	movements	movement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
29	increasingly	increasingly	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	challenged	challenge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
31	Portuguese	portuguese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
33	overseas	overseas	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | past | Portugal |  |  | World War | during the Estado Novo | neutral *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in war=Location |
| 2 | **challenge** | past | the postwar end of colonial legitimacy and the growth of African independence movements | Portuguese rule |  |  |  | which *obl*; increasingly, overseas *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **grow** |  | African independence movements |  |  |  |  |  | nom growth «process intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Portugal», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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