---
title: The Umayyads ruled al-Andalus until it fragmented into small states… — Portugal · tree and pragmatics
description: The Umayyads ruled al-Andalus until it fragmented into small states called taifas, with the caliphate being collapsed in 1031, and most of what is now central and southern Portugal falling under the Taifa of Badajoz. Who acts: Umayyads, small states, Portugal. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Portugal» wi
---

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# Portugal, sentence 38

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From Wikipedia, [«Portugal»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugal), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The Umayyads ruled al-Andalus until it fragmented into small states called taifas, with the caliphate being collapsed in 1031, and most of what is now central and southern Portugal falling under the Taifa of Badajoz.

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**Who acts:** Umayyads, small states, Portugal · **What happens:** rule, fragment, call, collapse, be, fall · **To what, where:** al, Umayyads, small states, taifas, caliphate, 1031 · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Portugal». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Umayyads, small states, Portugal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Portugal:38
# text = The Umayyads ruled al-Andalus until it fragmented into small states called taifas, with the caliphate being collapsed in 1031, and most of what is now central and southern Portugal falling under the Taifa of Badajoz.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Umayyads	Umayyads	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ruled	rule	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	al	Al	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Andalus	Andalus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	flat	_	_
7	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	fragmented	fragment	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
10	into	into	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	states	state	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
13	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
14	taifas	taifa	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	caliphate	caliphate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	collapsed	collapse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	parataxis	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	1031	1031	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
25	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	24	obj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	25	nmod	_	_
28	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
29	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	30	advmod	_	_
30	central	central	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	acl:relcl	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	southern	southern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	conj	_	_
33	Portugal	Portugal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
34	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	33	acl	_	_
35	under	under	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	Taifa	Taifa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	Badajoz	Badajoz	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | past | the Umayyads | al |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent al=Result |
| 2 | **fragment** | participle · passive |  | Umayyads |  |  |  | into small states *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: subject=Patient into state=Result |
| 3 | **call** | participle | small states *not said here* | taifas |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **collapse** | gerund · passive |  | the caliphate |  | 1031 |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 5 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  | now | Portugal *obl*; central *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **fall** | gerund | Portugal *not said here* |  |  | the Taifa of Badajoz |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme under taifa=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Portugal», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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