---
title: It links Pretoria to Cullinan and Bronkhorstspruit in the east and H… — Pretoria · tree and pragmatics
description: It links Pretoria to Cullinan and Bronkhorstspruit in the east and Hartbeespoort in the west. Who acts: R513. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Pretoria» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Pretoria, sentence 143

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From Wikipedia, [«Pretoria»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretoria), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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It links Pretoria to Cullinan and Bronkhorstspruit in the east and Hartbeespoort in the west.

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**Who acts:** R513 · **What happens:** link · **To what, where:** Pretoria, Cullinan, east

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Pretoria». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (R513), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Pretoria:143
# text = It links Pretoria to Cullinan and Bronkhorstspruit in the east and Hartbeespoort in the west.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	links	link	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Pretoria	Pretoria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Cullinan	Cullinan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Bronkhorstspruit	Bronkhorstspruit	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	east	east	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	Hartbeespoort	Hartbeespoort	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	west	west	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **link** | present | R513 | Pretoria | Cullinan and Bronkhorstspruit | the east and Hartbeespoort |  | in the west | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent pretoria=Patient to cullinan=Co-Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Pretoria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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