--- title: In 2015, Pretoria saw its worst drought since 1982; the month of Nov… — Pretoria · tree and pragmatics description: In 2015, Pretoria saw its worst drought since 1982; the month of November 2015 saw new records broken for high temperatures, with 43 °C recorded on 11 November after three weeks of temperatures between 35 °C and 43 °C. Pretoria reached a new record high of 42.7 C on 7 January 2016. Who acts: Pretori --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Pretoria/40/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Pretoria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Pretoria/) / 40 # Pretoria, sentence 40 From Wikipedia, [«Pretoria»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretoria), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. In 2015, Pretoria saw its worst drought since 1982; the month of November 2015 saw new records broken for high temperatures, with 43 °C recorded on 11 November after three weeks of temperatures between 35 °C and 43 °C. Pretoria reached a new record high of 42.7 C on 7 January 2016. **Who acts:** Pretoria, month, 43 ° C · **What happens:** see, break, record, reach · **To what, where:** worst drought, 2015, new records, ° C., 11, new record high This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Pretoria». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pretoria, month, 43 ° C), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = wikipedia:Pretoria:40 # text = In 2015, Pretoria saw its worst drought since 1982; the month of November 2015 saw new records broken for high temperatures, with 43 °C recorded on 11 November after three weeks of temperatures between 35 °C and 43 °C. Pretoria reached a new record high of 42.7 C on 7 January 2016. 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 2015 2015 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 5 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 4 Pretoria Pretoria PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 7 worst bad ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 8 amod _ _ 8 drought drought NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 9 since since ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 1982 1982 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 5 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 11 ; ; PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 month month NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 November November PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _ 16 2015 2015 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 15 nmod:unmarked _ _ 17 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 18 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 records record NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obj _ _ 20 broken break VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 acl _ _ 21 for for ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 temperatures temperature NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 with with ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 26 43 43 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 28 nummod _ _ 27 ° ° SYM SYM _ 28 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 28 C c NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nsubj _ _ 29 recorded record VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 28 acl _ _ 30 on on ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 11 11 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 29 obl _ _ 32 November November PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nmod:unmarked _ _ 33 after after ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 35 nummod _ _ 35 weeks week NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obl _ _ 36 of of ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 temperatures temperature NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 nmod _ _ 38 between between ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 35 35 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 29 obl _ _ 40 ° ° SYM SYM _ 41 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 41 C C PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 nmod:unmarked _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 43 cc _ _ 43 43 43 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 39 conj _ _ 44 ° ° SYM SYM _ 45 nummod _ SpaceAfter=No 45 C. C. PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 46 Pretoria Pretoria PROPN NNP Number=Sing 45 flat _ _ 47 reached reach VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 conj _ _ 48 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 49 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 51 amod _ _ 50 record record NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 compound _ _ 51 high high NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obj _ _ 52 of of ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 53 42.7 42.7 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 51 nmod _ _ 54 C C PROPN NNP Number=Sing 53 nmod:unmarked _ _ 55 on on ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 56 7 7 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 47 obl _ _ 57 January January PROPN NNP Number=Sing 56 nmod:unmarked _ _ 58 2016 2016 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 56 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 59 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | past | Pretoria | mm's worst drought | | 2015 | since 1982 | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer drought=Stimulus | | 2 | **see** | past | the month of November 2015 | new records | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer record=Stimulus | | 3 | **break** | participle | | new records *not said here* | | | | for high temperatures | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **record** | participle | 43 ° C *not said here* | ° C. | | 11 November | week | between 35 ° C | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on 11=Destination | | 5 | **reach** | past | 43 ° C | a new record high of 42.7 C | | 7 January | | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent high=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Pretoria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0. - ← previous: [sentence 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Pretoria/39/) - next →: [sentence 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Pretoria/41/) - ↑ back to [Pretoria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Pretoria/)