---
title: Paul Kruger, president of the South African Republic — Pretoria · tree and pragmatics
description: Paul Kruger, president of the South African Republic A sentence of Wikipedia's «Pretoria» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Pretoria, sentence 442

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From Wikipedia, [«Pretoria»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretoria), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Paul Kruger, president of the South African Republic

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**To what, where:** Paul

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Pretoria». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Pretoria:442
# text = Paul Kruger, president of the South African Republic
1	Paul	Paul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	Kruger	Kruger	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	president	president	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	African	African	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Republic	Republic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Pretoria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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