---
title: Prishtina's post-1999 urban growth has also been the subject of acad… — Pristina · tree and pragmatics
description: Prishtina's post-1999 urban growth has also been the subject of academic study, including research that examines how university campuses interact with broader city planning and urban transformation within the frameworks of sustainable and resilient development. Who acts: post-1999 urban growth, rese
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Pristina/118/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Pristina](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Pristina/) / 118

# Pristina, sentence 118

<!-- div src -->

From Wikipedia, [«Pristina»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pristina), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Prishtina's post-1999 urban growth has also been the subject of academic study, including research that examines how university campuses interact with broader city planning and urban transformation within the frameworks of sustainable and resilient development.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** post-1999 urban growth, research, university campuses, Prishtina · **What happens:** be, examine, interact, grow · **To what, where:** subject

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Pristina». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (post-1999 urban growth, research, university campuses, Prishtina), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Pristina:118
# text = Prishtina's post-1999 urban growth has also been the subject of academic study, including research that examines how university campuses interact with broader city planning and urban transformation within the frameworks of sustainable and resilient development.
1	Prishtina	Prishtina	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	post-1999	post-1999	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
4	urban	urban	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
7	also	also	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	cop	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	academic	academic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	study	study	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	including	including	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	research	research	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	examines	examine	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
19	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	22	advmod	_	_
20	university	university	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	campuses	campus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
22	interact	interact	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	ccomp	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	broader	broad	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	26	amod	_	_
25	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	planning	planning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	urban	urban	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	transformation	transformation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
30	within	within	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	frameworks	framework	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
34	sustainable	sustainable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	resilient	resilient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	conj	_	_
37	development	development	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present · perfect | Prishtina's post-1999 urban growth | the subject |  |  |  | of academic study; research *appos* | tree rules |
| 2 | **examine** | present | research |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **interact** | present | university campuses |  |  |  |  | with broader city planning and urban transformation; within the frameworks of sustainable development | vn interact-36.6 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with planning=Co-Agent |
| 4 | **grow** |  | Prishtina |  |  |  |  |  | nom growth «process intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Pristina», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 117](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Pristina/117/)
- next →: [sentence 119](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Pristina/119/)
- ↑ back to [Pristina](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Pristina/)