---
title: Villages in the Levant under Ottoman rule remained isolated due to t… — Ramallah · tree and pragmatics
description: Villages in the Levant under Ottoman rule remained isolated due to the difficulty of travel in the 19th century. Who acts: Villages. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Ramallah» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Ramallah, sentence 233

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From Wikipedia, [«Ramallah»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramallah), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Villages in the Levant under Ottoman rule remained isolated due to the difficulty of travel in the 19th century.

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**Who acts:** Villages · **What happens:** remain · **To what, where:** Ottoman rule

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ramallah». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Villages), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Ramallah:233
# text = Villages in the Levant under Ottoman rule remained isolated due to the difficulty of travel in the 19th century.
1	Villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Levant	Levant	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	Ottoman	ottoman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
8	remained	remain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	isolated	isolated	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
10	due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	travel	travel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	19th	19th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	19	amod	_	_
19	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | past | Villages in the Levant |  |  | Ottoman rule |  | due the difficulty of travel in the 19th century; isolated *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under rule=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Ramallah», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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