---
title: During the Ice Age (up to 10,000 years ago) a large glacier covered… — Reykjavík · tree and pragmatics
description: During the Ice Age (up to 10,000 years ago) a large glacier covered parts of the city area, reaching as far out as Álftanes. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Reykjavík» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Reykjavík, sentence 59

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From Wikipedia, [«Reykjavík»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reykjavík), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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During the Ice Age (up to 10,000 years ago) a large glacier covered parts of the city area, reaching as far out as Álftanes.

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**What happens:** cover, reach

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Reykjavík». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Reykjavík:59
# text = During the Ice Age (up to 10,000 years ago) a large glacier covered parts of the city area, reaching as far out as Álftanes.
1	During	during	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Ice	Ice	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Age	Age	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	up	up	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	10,000	10000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	appos	_	_
10	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	glacier	glacier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
15	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	_
16	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	reaching	reach	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	appos	_	_
23	as	as	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	25	advmod	_	_
25	out	out	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
26	as	as	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Álftanes	Álftanes	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **reach** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | as Álftanes; out *property* | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Reykjavík», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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