---
title: The neighbouring powers took advantage of the situation: the Habsbur… — Romania · tree and pragmatics
description: The neighbouring powers took advantage of the situation: the Habsburg Monarchy annexed the northwestern part of Moldavia, or Bukovina, in 1775, and the Russian Empire seized the eastern half of Moldavia, or Bessarabia, in 1812. Who acts: neighbouring powers, Habsburg Monarchy, Russian Empire. A sent
---

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# Romania, sentence 107

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From Wikipedia, [«Romania»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The neighbouring powers took advantage of the situation: the Habsburg Monarchy annexed the northwestern part of Moldavia, or Bukovina, in 1775, and the Russian Empire seized the eastern half of Moldavia, or Bessarabia, in 1812.

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**Who acts:** neighbouring powers, Habsburg Monarchy, Russian Empire · **What happens:** take, annex, seize · **To what, where:** advantage, 1812, northwestern part, 1775, eastern half

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Romania». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (neighbouring powers, Habsburg Monarchy, Russian Empire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Romania:107
# text = The neighbouring powers took advantage of the situation: the Habsburg Monarchy annexed the northwestern part of Moldavia, or Bukovina, in 1775, and the Russian Empire seized the eastern half of Moldavia, or Bessarabia, in 1812.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	neighbouring	neighbouring	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	powers	power	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	advantage	advantage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	situation	situation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	Habsburg	Habsburg	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	Monarchy	Monarchy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	annexed	annex	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	northwestern	northwestern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Moldavia	Moldavia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	Bukovina	Bukovina	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	1775	1775	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	Russian	Russian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
30	seized	seize	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	eastern	eastern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	30	obj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	Moldavia	Moldavia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
37	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	Bessarabia	Bessarabia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	1812	1812	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the neighbouring powers | advantage of the situation |  | 1812 |  | Bessarabia *obl* | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent advantage=Value in 1812=Location |
| 2 | **annex** | past | the Habsburg Monarchy | the northwestern part of Moldavia |  | 1775 |  | Bukovina *obl* | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme |
| 3 | **seize** | past | the Russian Empire | the eastern half of Moldavia |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent half=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Romania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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