---
title: The republic included the city itself and the immediate surroundings. — Rome · tree and pragmatics
description: The republic included the city itself and the immediate surroundings. Who acts: republic. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Rome» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Rome, sentence 256

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From Wikipedia, [«Rome»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The republic included the city itself and the immediate surroundings.

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**Who acts:** republic · **What happens:** include · **To what, where:** city

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Rome». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (republic), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Rome:256
# text = The republic included the city itself and the immediate surroundings.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	republic	republic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	included	include	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	5	nmod:unmarked	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	immediate	immediate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	surroundings	surroundings	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **include** | past | the republic | the city  Republic and the immediate surroundings |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Rome», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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