---
title: According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the English name Russia… — Russia · tree and pragmatics
description: According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the English name Russia first appeared in the 14th century, borrowed from Russia, used in the 11th century and frequently in 12th-century British sources, in turn derived from Russi and the suffix -ia. Who acts: English name, British sources. A sentence of
---

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# Russia, sentence 26

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From Wikipedia, [«Russia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the English name Russia first appeared in the 14th century, borrowed from Russia, used in the 11th century and frequently in 12th-century British sources, in turn derived from Russi and the suffix -ia.

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**Who acts:** English name, British sources · **What happens:** accord, appear, borrow, use, derive · **To what, where:** Russia, turn

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Russia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (English name, British sources), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Russia:26
# text = According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the English name Russia first appeared in the 14th century, borrowed from Russia, used in the 11th century and frequently in 12th-century British sources, in turn derived from Russi and the suffix -ia.
1	According	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	case	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	Oxford	Oxford	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	Dictionary	Dictionary	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	Russia	Russia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
12	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	13	advmod	_	_
13	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	14th	14th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	17	amod	_	_
17	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	borrowed	borrow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Russia	Russia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	conj	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	11th	11th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
29	frequently	frequently	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	12th	12th	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	33	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	_
34	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	sources	source	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	turn	turn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	_
39	derived	derive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	acl:relcl	_	_
40	from	from	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	Russi	Russi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
44	suffix	suffix	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	compound	_	_
45	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	44	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	ia	ia	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **appear** | past | the English name |  |  |  | century | accord the English Dictionary; first *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **borrow** | participle | the English name *not said here* |  |  | Russia |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from russia=Source |
| 4 | **use** | participle | the English name *not said here* |  |  |  | century |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **derive** | past | British sources *not said here* |  |  | turn |  | from Russi and the suffix ia | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in turn=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Russia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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