---
title: Primary school is compulsory for eleven years, starting from age 6 t… — Russia · tree and pragmatics
description: Primary school is compulsory for eleven years, starting from age 6 to 7, and leads to a basic general education certificate. Who acts: Primary school. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Russia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Russia, sentence 496

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From Wikipedia, [«Russia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Primary school is compulsory for eleven years, starting from age 6 to 7, and leads to a basic general education certificate.

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**Who acts:** Primary school · **What happens:** be, start, lead · **To what, where:** age

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Russia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Primary school), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Russia:496
# text = Primary school is compulsory for eleven years, starting from age 6 to 7, and leads to a basic general education certificate.
1	Primary	primary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	compulsory	compulsory	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	eleven	eleven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	starting	start	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	flat	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	leads	lead	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
20	basic	basic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
21	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
22	education	education	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	certificate	certificate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Primary school |  |  |  | year | compulsory *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **start** | gerund | Primary school *not said here* |  |  |  | from age |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **lead** | present | Primary school *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to a basic general education certificate | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to certificate=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Russia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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