---
title: The establishment of the first East Slavic states in the 9th century… — Russia · tree and pragmatics
description: The establishment of the first East Slavic states in the 9th century coincided with the arrival of the Varangians, Vikings who ventured along the waterways extending from the eastern Baltic to the Black and Caspian Seas. Who acts: establishment, waterways, Varangians. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Russ
---

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# Russia, sentence 68

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From Wikipedia, [«Russia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The establishment of the first East Slavic states in the 9th century coincided with the arrival of the Varangians, Vikings who ventured along the waterways extending from the eastern Baltic to the Black and Caspian Seas.

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**Who acts:** establishment, waterways, Varangians · **What happens:** coincide, venture, extend, establish, arrive · **To what, where:** 9th century, eastern Baltic Black Caspian Seas, first Slavic states

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Russia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (establishment, waterways, Varangians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Russia:68
# text = The establishment of the first East Slavic states in the 9th century coincided with the arrival of the Varangians, Vikings who ventured along the waterways extending from the eastern Baltic to the Black and Caspian Seas.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	establishment	establishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	amod	_	_
6	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	Slavic	Slavic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	states	state	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	9th	9th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
13	coincided	coincide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	arrival	arrival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Varangians	Varangian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	Vikings	Viking	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
22	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
23	ventured	venture	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
24	along	along	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	waterways	waterway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	_
27	extending	extend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	26	acl	_	_
28	from	from	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
30	eastern	eastern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
31	Baltic	baltic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
34	Black	Black	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
36	Caspian	Caspian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	compound	_	_
37	Seas	Sea	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **coincide** | participle |  | the 9th century *not said here* |  |  |  | with the arrival of the Varangians | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with arrival=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **venture** | past | the establishment of the first Slavic states in the 9th century |  |  |  |  | along the waterways; Vikings *nsubj*; who *nsubj* | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **extend** | gerund | the waterways *not said here* |  |  | the eastern Baltic Black Caspian Seas |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **establish** |  |  | the first Slavic states in the 9th century |  |  |  |  | nom establishment «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 5 | **arrive** |  | the Varangians |  |  |  |  |  | nom arrival «act intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Russia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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