---
title: In 2019, relations between the two countries deteriorated, with Rwan… — Rwanda · tree and pragmatics
description: In 2019, relations between the two countries deteriorated, with Rwanda closing its borders with Uganda. Who acts: relations, Rwanda. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Rwanda» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Rwanda, sentence 119

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From Wikipedia, [«Rwanda»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rwanda), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 2019, relations between the two countries deteriorated, with Rwanda closing its borders with Uganda.

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**Who acts:** relations, Rwanda · **What happens:** deteriorate, close · **To what, where:** 2019, borders

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Rwanda». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (relations, Rwanda), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Rwanda:119
# text = In 2019, relations between the two countries deteriorated, with Rwanda closing its borders with Uganda.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	2019	2019	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	relations	relation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
5	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	deteriorated	deteriorate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	Rwanda	Rwanda	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	closing	close	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
14	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	borders	border	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Uganda	Uganda	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deteriorate** | participle | relations between the two countries |  |  | 2019 |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **close** | gerund | Rwanda | country's borders |  |  |  | with Uganda | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent border=Destination with uganda=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Rwanda», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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