---
title: By that time, people of African ethnicity greatly outnumbered those… — Saint Lucia · tree and pragmatics
description: By that time, people of African ethnicity greatly outnumbered those of ethnic European background. Who acts: people. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Saint Lucia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Saint Lucia, sentence 62

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From Wikipedia, [«Saint Lucia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lucia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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By that time, people of African ethnicity greatly outnumbered those of ethnic European background.

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**Who acts:** people · **What happens:** outnumber · **To what, where:** those

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Saint Lucia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Saint_Lucia:62
# text = By that time, people of African ethnicity greatly outnumbered those of ethnic European background.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	ethnicity	ethnicity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	outnumbered	outnumber	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	10	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	background	background	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **outnumber** | past | people of African ethnicity | those of ethnic European background |  |  | time | greatly *property* | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot that=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Saint Lucia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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