---
title: They are chosen from opposing political parties, and serve concurren… — San Marino · tree and pragmatics
description: They are chosen from opposing political parties, and serve concurrently with equal powers and preside over several institutions of state, including the Grand and General Council. A sentence of Wikipedia's «San Marino» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# San Marino, sentence 8

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From Wikipedia, [«San Marino»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Marino), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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They are chosen from opposing political parties, and serve concurrently with equal powers and preside over several institutions of state, including the Grand and General Council.

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**What happens:** choose, oppose, serve, preside · **To what, where:** Grand, political parties, several institutions

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «San Marino». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:San_Marino:8
# text = They are chosen from opposing political parties, and serve concurrently with equal powers and preside over several institutions of state, including the Grand and General Council.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	chosen	choose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	opposing	oppose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	political	political	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	parties	party	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	serve	serve	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
11	concurrently	concurrently	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	powers	power	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	preside	preside	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
17	over	over	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	institutions	institution	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	including	including	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	Grand	Grand	PROPN	NNP	_	19	appos	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	General	General	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod:desc	_	_
28	Council	Council	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **choose** | present · passive |  | Grand |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **oppose** | gerund |  | political parties |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent party=Patient |
| 3 | **serve** | present |  |  |  |  |  | with equal powers; concurrently *property* | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent with power=Theme |
| 4 | **preside** | present |  |  |  | several institutions of state |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «San Marino», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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