---
title: In 1903, an astronomical observatory was established on the hill, an… — Santiago · tree and pragmatics
description: In 1903, an astronomical observatory was established on the hill, and the following year, construction began on a 14 m statue of the Virgin Mary. Who acts: following year. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Santiago» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Santiago, sentence 104

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From Wikipedia, [«Santiago»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santiago), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 1903, an astronomical observatory was established on the hill, and the following year, construction began on a 14 m statue of the Virgin Mary.

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**Who acts:** following year · **What happens:** establish, follow, begin · **To what, where:** astronomical observatory, 1903, m statue

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Santiago». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (following year), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Santiago:104
# text = In 1903, an astronomical observatory was established on the hill, and the following year, construction began on a 14 m statue of the Virgin Mary.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1903	1903	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	astronomical	astronomical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	observatory	observatory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	amod	_	_
16	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	construction	construction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
19	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	14	14	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	23	compound	_	_
23	m	million	NUM	CD	Abbr=Yes|NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	_
24	statue	statue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	Virgin	Virgin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	Mary	Mary	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **establish** | past · passive |  | a astronomical observatory |  | 1903 |  | on the hill | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme on hill=Source |
| 2 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **begin** | past | the following year and construction |  |  | a m statue of the Virgin Mary |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Santiago», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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